When the Casualty Occurs 1 Persons to be notified When a casualty occurs which may give rise to general average sacrifices being made or expenses incurred, it is the responsibility of the shipowner to see that the proper steps are taken to bring the voyage to a satisfactory conclusion. The first step must be to
1. Principle of General Average: That which has been sacrificed for the benefit of all shall be made good by the contribution of all. The principle of general average was first formulated by the ancient Greeks in a maxim dealing with the question of jettison, but it is probable that the idea itself was of
General Average - Port of Refuge (Note: the term 'port of refuge' is used here in its wider sense as indicating any port at which general average expenses is incurred. It may thus include a normal port of call for loading, bunkering, etc. or discharge.) 1 Reports to the shipowner Whereas at the time of
1 Delivery of cargo With regard to general average security, it should be remembered that the shipowner retains his lien on the cargo only for so long as it remains in his custody. If the cargo is forwarded from a port of refuge to destination in a vessel belonging to the same owners as the
Θαλάσσια Ασφάλιση Ένα από τα κυριότερα χαρακτηριστικά κάθε σύμβασης θαλάσσιας ασφάλισης, που διέπεται από τo αγγλικό δίκαιο, είναι το δικαίωμα του ασφαλιστή να αποφύγει τις υποχρεώσεις του στην περίπτωση που ο ασφαλισμένος απέκρυψε ή παραποίησε ουσιώδη περιστατικά (non-disclosure and misrepresentation). Δεν είναι μάλιστα σπάνιες οι περιπτώσεις όπου οι ασφαλιστές επικαλούνται την απόκρυψη ενός περιστατικού που
SECURITY AND INSURANCE OF MARITIME CREDITORS I. Insurance of maritime claims 1. Insurance as a secondary means of securing maritime claims Securing claims originating from the operation of merchant ship i.e. maritime claims is not of course less important than the availability of the claim itself. The right granted must be accompanied by a certain
ΕΞΑΣΦΑΛΙΣΗ ΚΑΙ ΑΣΦΑΛΙΣΗ ΤΩΝ ΝΑΥΤΙΚΩΝ ΔΑΝΕΙΣΤΩΝ I. Ασφάλιση των ναυτικών απαιτήσεων 1. Η ασφάλιση ως συμπληρωματικό μέσο εξασφάλισης των ναυτικών απαιτήσεων α. Η εξασφάλιση των απαιτήσεων που γεννώνται από τη δραστηριότητα του πλοίου, αυτών που ονομάζουμε συνοπτικά ναυτικών απαιτήσεων, δεν είναι ασφαλώς μικρότερης σημασίας από τη θέσπιση του δικαιώματος που γεννά την απαίτηση . Η
“for the purpose of averting or minimising such loss” This means a loss (or damage) for which the underwriters would respond under the policy, thus reproducing the effect of section 78(3) of the Marine Insurance Act, which states: “expenses incurred for the purpose of averting or diminishing any loss not covered by the policy are
Proximate Cause The most important section of the policy wording is that stating the perils insured against. It would be simple indeed to deal with most claims if all marine insurance policies were issued on comprehensive terms. However, the scope of cover afforded by various policies can differ extensively. It can be appreciated, therefore, that
THE SCENE In this case, the insured shipment comprised readymade garments, which were sold by a shipper in Europe to a buyer in USA. The goods were sold on a “CIF” (Cost Insurance and Freight) basis. Freight was pre-paid and insurance was taken out by the shipper in Europe. Ten separate Certificates of Insurance were
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